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Medical Lecture Course
Proliferative and Synthetic Responses of Airway Smooth Muscle in Asthma
Jung Yeon Shim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(6):580-587.   Published online June 15, 2005
New evidence is emerging that airway smooth muscle(ASM) may act as an immunomodulatory cell by providing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, polypeptide growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, cell adhesion receptors and co-stimulatory molecules. ASM can promote the formation of the interstitial extracellular matrix, and potentially contribute to the alterations within the extracellular matrix in asthma. In addition, extracellular matrix components can...
CpG DNA for Treatment of Allergic Diseases
Sung Min Choi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2005;48(3):251-259.   Published online March 15, 2005
Atopy is a highly prevalent and serious health problem. The prevalence and severity of asthma and allergic diseases have increased over recent decades, particularly in industrialized nations. Early life infections may protect against the development of atopy and allergic diseases like asthma. The inverse relationship between the incidence of atopy and childhood infections has led to the 'hygiene hypothesis', which...
Case Report
A Case of Pulmonary Artery Sling Misdiagnosed as Bronchial Asthma
Eun-Jung Cheon, Ki-Soo Kim, Jae-Woo Lim, Kyung-Ok Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(10):1110-1113.   Published online October 15, 2004
Anomalous left pulmonary artery(pulmonary artery sling) is a congenital anomaly in which the vascular structure arises either from the posterior surface of the right pulmonary artery, or from the main pulmonary artery and courses to the left lung between the posterior surface of the trachea and the anterior surface of the esophagus. It may compress on the tracheobronchial tree causing...
Original Article
Etiologic Diagnosis and Clinical Characteristics of Chronic Recurrent Chest Pain in Children
Eun-Jung Choi, Eun-A Lee, Chang-Woo Lee, Du-Young Choi, Yeon-Geun Oh, Jong-Duk Kim, Hyang-Suk Yoon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(6):628-633.   Published online June 15, 2004
Purpose : To identify the causes and clinical characteristics, and the efficacy of various diagnostic approaches, we studied, prospectively, pediatric patients with chronic recurrent chest pain. Methods : A prospective study of 122 patients with chronic recurrent chest pain from June 1998 to June 2003 was performed. The male and female ratio was 81 : 41, age 9.3?.1 year. A...
Case Report
A Case of Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Jeoung A Her, Hee Kyoung Choi, Chang Hee Son, Young Min Ahn
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(5):574-578.   Published online May 15, 2004
Vocal cord dysfunction is a recently described entity in which paradoxical adduction of the vocal cords produces airflow obstruction at the level of the larynx. Recurrent wheezing results, which may imitate asthma. Inspiratory closure of the cords can also cause stridor, commonly misdiagnosed as an upper airway obstruction of undefined cause. The acute presentation is often dramatic and has led...
Original Article
Peripheral Blood Eosinophil Counts and Serum ECP in Adolescents with Long-term Asthma Remission and Persistent Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness : Comparison with Adolescents with Symptomatic Asthma
Hee Kang, Young Yoo, Jinho Yu, Yang Park, Young Yull Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(10):1013-1018.   Published online October 15, 2003
Purpose : Bronchial hyperresponsiveness(BHR) in asthma is thought to be a consequence of underlying airway inflammation. But the mechanism responsible for persistent BHR in adolescents with long-term asthma remission is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine whether BHR in adolescents with asthma remission is associated with peripheral blood eosinophilia and/or increased serum levels of eosinophil cationic...
Differential Excretion of Urinary Eosinophil Protein X after Methacholine Challenge Test in Children with Asthma
Su-A Shin, Jae-Won Oh, Ha-Baik Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(5):495-499.   Published online May 15, 2003
Purpose : Eosinophil is one of the important inflammatory cell involved in the airway inflammation in childhood asthma. It has been demonstrated that markers of eosinophil activation, including eosinophil cationic protein or eosinophil protein X(EPX), are increased in childhood asthma. Furthermore, they are related to disease activity and are assumed to be helpful in monitoring the treatment effect as urinary...
Exhaled Nitric Oxide Concentration in Children with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis : Association with Atopy and Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness
Kyu Min Nah, Yang Park, Eun Kyeong Kang, Hee Kang, Young Yull Koh, Sun Wha Lee, Domyung Paek
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2003;46(3):284-290.   Published online March 15, 2003
Purpose : A new airway inflammatory marker, exhaled nitric oxide(ENO) has been reported to correlate with bronchial hyperresponsiveness(BHR) and atopy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of ENO with BHR or atopy in patients with asthma and with allergic rhinitis. Methods : The subjects consisted of 55 children with asthma, 17 with allergic rhinitis, and 14 healthy...
Radiographic Findings and Atelectasis in Children Admitted to Hospital with Acute Asthma
Yoo-Jin Jung, Hye-Jin Jung, Kyung-Yil Lee, Won-Bae Lee, Dong-Hurn Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(4):519-523.   Published online April 15, 2002
Purpose : We aimed to evaluate the abnormalities of chest radiographs including atelectasis in children who were admitted with bronchial asthma. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the 357 chest radiographs and the clinical and laboratory features of the 144 children with asthma, who were admitted at Daejoen St. Mary's Hospital from April 1994 to May 1998. Results : Clinical and laboratory...
The Etiologic Diseases and Diagnostic Usefulness of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Children with Chronic Coughs
Sun Young Park, Joon Sung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2002;45(4):489-497.   Published online April 15, 2002
Purpose : The objectives of this study were to investigate the causes of chronic cough and to establish the appropriate diagnostic approach to chronic cough in children. Methods : One hundred and thirty two cases of chronic cough were prospectively evaluated. They visitors to pediatric chronic cough clinics at Kang-nam saint Mary's Hospital of Catholic University from August 2000 to...
Evaluation of the Severity in Patients with Bronchial Asthma Using FEF25-75%
Sun Yoon Jung, Eun Sil Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Han Ku Moon
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(8):916-921.   Published online August 15, 2001
Purpose : Spirometry, because of its simplicity and reproducibility, has been used to evaluate pulmonary function in childhood asthma. We investigated whether FEF25-75% is the most sensitive parameter among other spirometric parameters in the diagnosis of pulmonary function and airway obstruction. Methods : This study included 32 children with asthma. We recorded values of spirometry(FVC, FEV1, PEFR, and FEF25-75%) before and...
Age-related Results of Skin Prick Test in Children with Allergic Asthma
Jae Sung Son, Yang Park, Yong Han Sun, Myung Hyun Lee, Young Yull Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2001;44(2):193-199.   Published online February 15, 2001
Purpose : Skin reactivity to different allergens may vary with age, since the degree and type of sensitization may be related not only to genetic factors but also to the intensity and duration of exposure to the allergens. The aim of this study was to evaluate profile of sensitization to airborne allergens according to age in children with allergic asthma. Methods...
High-Resolution Computed Tomography(HRCT) Findings of the Lung in Asthmatic Children and Their Correlation with Clinical Characteristics
Do Kyun Kim, Yang Park, Young Yull Koh, Jung Eun Chun, Woo Sun Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(12):1583-1590.   Published online December 15, 2000
Purpose : The purposes of this study were to determine the abnormal high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) findings of the lung in uncomplicated asthmatic children, to compare the clinical characteristics between normal and abnormal HRCT finding groups and to correlate abnormal HRCT findings with clinical characteristics, especially FEV1 and PC20. Methods : Forty asthmatic children were studied. Inspiratory and expiratory HRCT scans were...
Characteristics of Childhood Asthma According to the Onset of Wheezing
Yoon Jeong Kim, Bong Seong Kim, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(5):686-693.   Published online May 15, 2000
Purpose : To understand the characteristics of early childhood asthma, we evaluated and compared the characteristics between early persistent wheezers and late wheezers. Methods : From January, 1998 to December, 1998, 106 children aged six to seven years were divided into three groups according to the onset of wheezing : Early persistent wheezers(n=36) who had wheezing both before three years of...
Analysis of Risk Factors of Readmission to Hospital for Pediatric Asthma
Kyung Lim Yoon, Young Ho Rah, Chong-Woo Bae, Sa Jun Chung
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2000;43(4):556-560.   Published online April 15, 2000
Purpose : The admission rates for pediatric asthma are increasing annually and are partially responsible for the increased rates of readmission. Selections of children with a high-risk of readmission and aggressive treatments of them may improve treatment outcome and cost- effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk factors affecting readmission in cases of bronchial asthma in...
Case Report
A Case of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Coinciding with Bronchial Asthma associated with Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Kyung-Yil Lee, Dong-Joon Lee, Ji-Whan Han, Sang-Won Ch, John-Sung Lee, Kyung-Tai Whang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1165-1169.   Published online August 15, 1999
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the most common etiologic agent of pneumonia in school-aged children and young adults. It involves not only the respiratory system but includes extrapulmonary complications such as exanthem, hemolysis, arthritis, hepatic dysfuction, cardiac disease, and central nervous system disease. The pathogenesis of extrapulmonary involvements may be an autoimmune phenomena. Recent studies suggest that bronchial asthma can be initiated...
Original Article
The Relation of Food-Specific IgE to Recurrent Wheezing Attack
Yun Jeong Yang, Jeong Hee Kim, Yoo Mee Choi, Dae Hyun Lim, Sei Woo Chung, Jeong Gyu Kim, Byong Kwan Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(8):1056-1062.   Published online August 15, 1999
Purpose : There were some reports that IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity is associated with subsequent development of atopic disease in wheezy infants. So we carried out this study to show whether the food specific IgE antibodies are useful to predict recurrent wheezing attack in wheezy infants. Methods : A total of 190 children younger than 4-year-old were enrolled in this study. They...
The Relationship between Total Serum IgE, Allergen-Specific IgE, and Skin Prick Test in Children with Atopic Asthma
Myung Hyun Lee, Jin Hwa Cheong, Young Yull Koh, Chung Il Noh, Jung Yun Choi, Yong Soo Yun
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(3):403-411.   Published online March 15, 1999
Purpose : Skin prick test and determination of allergen-specific IgE antibodies in serum are methods commonly used to diagnose allergies. Several studies indicate that skin test and specific IgE have roughly the same diagnostic precision, although discrepancies exist. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of total serum IgE on the relation between skin prick test and...
Case Report
A Case of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis During Childhood
Kyoung Ah Ha, Chang Keun Kim, Churl Young Chung, Jung Sook Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(2):284-288.   Published online February 15, 1999
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA) is an inflammatory disease which causes a hypersensitivity to Aspergillus spores growing in the bronchi. The clinical syndrome is characterized by asthma, recurrent pulmonary infiltrations or mucoid impaction, eosinophilia, and central bronchiectasis. A 12-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of right lower chest pain and cystic mass-like shadows on a chest X-ray film. He had...
Reccurent Unilateral Lung Collapse in an Asthmatic Child
Yul-Yi Yeon, Kyung-Yil Lee, Dong-Jun Lee, Ji-Whan Han, Sung-Soo Hwang, Kyong-Su Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):850-854.   Published online June 15, 1998
Abnomalities in the production and transport of airway secretions play an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma. Segmental atelectasis as a complication of asthma, is relatively common in children. On the other hand, massive atelectasis such as the collapse of one lung is a very rare occurence. We report a seven-year-old male asthmatic patient with right lung collapse caused by mucoid impaction. Fourteen...
Original Article
Pollen Allergy in Children(Ⅱ) : The Significance of Tree Pollen As a Causative Allergen in Children with Allergic Diseases
Soo-Young Lee, Jeong-Soe Park, Ki-Sun Lee, Chang Ho Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(6):799-807.   Published online June 15, 1998
Purpose : The positive rates of allergy skin test of pollens are relatively higher in children in Suwon compared to other areas in Korea. To evaluate the significance of tree pollen as a causative allergen, we undertook this study. Methods : In 252 children with asthma, scratch tests were done with 72 extracts, including 9 tree pollen. Antigen specific serum IgE antibodies were measured...
Case Report
Fatal Doudenal Ulcer Bleeding in Status Asthmaticus Treated with Theophylline and Steroids
Sang Woo Lee, Chang Keun Kim, Churl Young Chung, Young Doug Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(4):548-552.   Published online April 15, 1998
It is generally agreed that theophylline preparations and steroids should be given intravenously for status asthmaticus. Theophylline can potentially have adverse gastrointestinal effects including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and hematemesis. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients treated with corticosteroids without a past history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding has been reported rarely. But the etiologic significance of the stress of status asthmaticus, administration of theophylline or corticosteroids...
Original Article
Basophil Histamine Releasability in Asthmatic Children
Seon Mi Jin, Jin Hwa Jung, Yong Han Sun, Myung Hyun Lee, Joong Gon Kim, Young Yull Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(1):99-109.   Published online January 15, 1998
Purpose : The release of histamine from human basophils is controlled by an intrinsic, as yet unidentified, cellular property termed “releasability.” We carried out this study to ascertain whether there was any difference in the releasability of basophils from asthmatic children compared to those from normal children. We intended also to clarify the correlation between the releasability and the atopic status of asthma. Methods :...
The Psychological Recognition of Asthmatic Childrenfrom Parents'Views
Nog Hong Kim, Eun Ieong Seol, Gi Hyon Jeon, Gyung Ho Lee, Mun Gi Cho, Cheoln Son
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(12):1725-1730.   Published online December 15, 1997
Purpose : Many studies showed that the asthmatic children mostly have psychosocial problem such as depression or anxiety. The object of this study is to help the asthmatic children and their family by knowing what is their mothers‘ biggest concern about their asthmatic children. Methods : We made up a questionnaire with asked the mothers by telephone. If they though asthma had a certain effect...
Characteristics and Follow-Up of Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness in Cough Variant Asthma
Jeong-Ho Kim, Jung-Yeon Shin, Soo-Jong Hong
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(2):240-248.   Published online February 15, 1997
Purpose : Cough variant asthma is characterized as a persistent, nonproductive cough with minimal or no wheezing and dyspnea. Cough variant asthma can be overlooked or misdiagnosed because it is a common problem amongst all ages that frequently is unrecognized. The patho-physiology of cough variant asthma is still unclear. Methods : To characterize the pathophysiological abnormalities of cough variant asthma, bronchial provocation tests with methacholine...
Arterial Oxygen Desaturation after Salbutamol Nebulization in Wheezy Infants and Children
Eun Sun Yoo, Jung Won Seo, Seung Joo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(7):953-961.   Published online July 15, 1996
Purpose : Nebulized selective β2-adrenoreceptor agonists have been widely used in acute asthma and selectively in acute bronchiolitis. However, nebulized salbutamol have been reported to cause arterial oxygen desaturation in some of the acute bronchiolitis and severe asthma patients. This may be the results of a paradoxical bronchoconstriction linked to acidic and hyper-osmolar nebulized salbutamol solution and etc. We assessed the changes in arterial...
Serum IgE Standardized for Age in Korean Children and Its Diagnostic Reliability in Childhood Asthma
Myung Su Lee, Eun Sun Yoo, Hye Sun Kim, Eun Ae Park, Jeong Wan Seo, Seung Joo Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(3):397-403.   Published online March 15, 1996
Purpose : IgE was identified by Ishizaka as an antibody that is reacted at Type I hypersensitivity reaction, and has been used in the diagnosis of allergic disease and the differential diagnosis of extrinsic and intrinsic asthma. But there was some confusing in the diagnosis because of the broad range of measured serum IgE. Recently it was reported that serum IgE...
Case Report
A Case of Non-IgE-mediated Serosal Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis in a Child with Chronic Asthma
Yong Joo Kim, Ha Baik Lee, Hahng Lee, Eun Kyeong Hong, Hyun Chul Rhim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(12):1694-1700.   Published online December 15, 1995
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EG) is a chronic disorder in which edsinophils constitute the predominant cell type in the inflammatory infiltrates of the gastrointestinaHGD tract. This disease was first described by Kaiiser in 1937. The clinical symptoms and signs are variable according to the extent of the eosinophilic infiltration(diffuse versus cir¡ⓒ cumscribed) and the depth of the eosinophilic reaction (mucosal, muscular, serosal). Some...
Original Article
Cough Variant Asthma
Bin Cho, Joon Sung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(10):1340-1348.   Published online October 15, 1995
Purpose : Asthma, one of the most common of chronic cough in children, is easily diagnosed when classic triad; cough, wheezing, dyspnea are presented. However, it has become apparant that cough may be the sole manifestation of this disease. This cough variant asthma is underdiagnosed and undertreated. The clinical manifestations and subject variables of asthma especially, cough variant asthma had...
Case Report
Subacute Necrotizing Lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's Disease) in a Child with Atopic Asthma
Dong Jun Kim, Seong Yeoub Moon, Ha Baik Lee, Yeong Hae Koh
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1995;38(8):1141-1145.   Published online August 15, 1995
Subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease) is an increasingly recognized cause of cervical lymphadenitis since it has been described by Japanese doctors in 1972. It generally follows a benign course, when symptoms and signs of the disease are resolved usually within 1 to 6 months. We experienced a case of subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis in a 12 year-old boy with atopic bronchial asthma...
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